4.5.3. Description of compartments– creating of new compartments and their general data <br>

### 4.5.3. Description of compartments– creating of new compartments and their general data

After inserting of flat into the building structure and completing of its data the User can insert a compartment. He can do this by means of command “Add compartment” in handy menu or by means of button “Open menu” or key shortcut Ctr+F7. Of course, inserting of flat is also possible in building structure tree by means of icon .

Description of flat is opened analogous to storey description, clicking selected compartment in building structure tree. Compartment edition window is opened on the tab „General data and partitions”. Second tab “Heating data” concerns division of heat into various heating methods and/or distribution to other compartments of flat. Here the User can preliminary select heaters in compartment – more information to this you can find in chapter 4.5.5.

#### 4.5.3.1. General data of compartment

Using of window „General data and partitions” is very similar to using of window for edition of partition definitions. This window consists of two parts: general data of compartment and partition table in flat. Type of fields in General data depends on selected type of compartment ventilation and calculation options declared in “General data”.

In upper part of compartment edition window you can see the field:

Compartment with enforced heat demand.

The User will select it, when the heat losses in compartment are known.

General data of a flat are completed by entering them into edition fields or selecting them from a pop-up list:

Number

In this field the User can enter an ID number of a compartment. It is also possible to use letters. Default names of compartments are conforming with names pattern defined in program – they will receive successive numbers. The User can also give them numbers by himself.

Compartment type

In this field we should assign to each entered compartment its type, adequate to its appropriation. There is over one dozen of choices, for example: living room, bedroom, bathroom, corridor, theatre room, concert hall, lecture hall, consulting room and others. Each compartment has assigned internal temperature, minimal multiplication factor of hygienic air exchanges in compartment as well as stream of air removed from compartment on the way of mechanical ventilation. These values comply with normative requirements. After selecting the compartment type, fields concerning described parameters are automatically completed with normative values. Field “Description” is completed with a comment.

Description

In this field a comment to the compartment name, compliant with selected compartment type is displayed. The User can also modify it by himself.

Heated compartment

Each new inserted compartment has this field selected as default. Deselecting this field we declare a non-heated compartment, in which the temperature is calculated on the basis of heat and ventilation air balance.

ti/θi – Temperature in compartment

The value of temperature in compartment is displayed on the basis of selected compartment type. Temperature value can also be edited by the User in compliance with compartment appropriation. If a compartment is not heated, just deselect the field “Heated compartment”. In this way the temperature in non-heated compartment is calculated on the basis of heat balance.

lf – length of compartment in light

Value entered by the User according to compartment dimensions,

wf – width of compartment in light.

Value entered by the User according to compartment dimensions.

Af – surface of compartments in light

Can be calculated automatically by the program on the basis of completed value of width and length of compartment in light. If horizontal dimensions have not been completed, this field is to be completed according to compartment dimensions.

hf – height of compartment in light

Value entered by the User according to vertical dimension of compartment.

V – cubic capacity of compartment

Value calculated automatically on the basis of previously declared surface of compartment and its height in light.

nmin – minimal multiplication factor of ventilation air exchanges

Field completed by the program with normative value depending on the type of compartment or with value given by the User.

Vexh – stream of exhausted air

Field completed by the program with normative value depending on the type of compartment or to be edited by the User.

Vsup– stream of blown air

Field completed in case of blowing of air into compartment on the way of mechanical ventilation

θmech – temperature of air blown mechanically

Value given by the User for air blown mechanically

n50 – multiplication factor of exchanges at difference 50 Pa

Value of multiplication factor of air exchanges between a compartment and external environment results from air-tightness of building block. This field is displayed in compartments, in which there are declared windows/external doors. For automatic calculations indicated with icon the value “n50” is read from “Building data”.

Edition fields displayed in case of selecting of temporary temperature reduction calculations on the basis of data declared for compartment:

compartment mass

A quantity determining the heat accumulation ability by the compartment mass. The value of field can be calculated automatically by the program or can be enforced by the User. Selection depends on the method of partition inserting into compartments.

- f partitions properties are declared directly in compartment, then the compartment mass can be determined by the User on the basis of following options:

· light

· medium

· heavy

- if partitions in compartment will be declared from definitions, the value of effective mass of building can be calculated automatically on the basis of declared data. The User can also complete the field with a value known for the building or select it from a list among above mentioned possibilities: light, medium, heavy.

tabs – time of temperature reduction

Field completed with the value of temperature reduction time assumed in compartments. For each new opened project a default value assumed in program will be displayed.

nAbs – multiplication factor of exchanges in the temperature reduction phase

Field completed according to project assumptions. For each new opened project a default value assumed in program will be displayed.

ΣHT,τ – heat loss by penetration coefficient

This field is completed automatically by the program after selecting the icon on the basis of partitions entered in compartments. After selecting the icon the field is to be completed by the User.

Vnetto – heated cubic capacity

This field is completed automatically by the program after selecting the icon on the basis of cubic capacity of heated compartments, in which temporary temperature reduction has been declared.. After selecting the icon the field is to be completed by the User.

ΔφRH – temperature drop after reduction phase

Value of this field is calculated according to data completed in program. It is also possible to switch to manual method of value input. To switch between calculation modes use in succession icons and . for values enforced by the User.

tRH – heating time

Field completed by the User on the basis of known heating time of reduced temperature in compartment to required value.

nRH – multiplication factor of exchanges during heating

Field completed according to project assumptions. For each new opened project there is displayed a default value, assumed in program.

If the building height exceeds 5m, then a field “Building heating methods” will be displayed. Declaring of this field will influence the increasing of net heat losses of heated compartment by a multiplier depending on the compartment heating method. It is possible to select following types of heating:

- heating floor

- heating ceiling (temperature <40ºC),

- average radiation and high temperature from big height downwards,

- natural convection

- aerial heating – horizontal on low height

- aerial heating downwards from big height,

- aerial heating with low or medium temperature – horizontal on medium height,

Multiplier value is valid for compartments with net heat loss ≤ 60 W/m2 of floor surface.

Definition of ventilation type for compartments

Each new entered compartment has a declared compartment type „Living room”, with required minimal air exchange equal to 0,5 exchanges per hour.

Ventilation heat losses in compartment are determined on the basis of following air streams:

- infiltration air stream “Vinf” determined on the basis of building construction air-tightness in compartments with windows/external doors.

- minimal ventilation air stream “Vmin” resulting from hygienic requirements in compartment, calculated on the basis of compartment ventilation declared in field “nmin”.

- air stream “Vmech,inf,i” flowing into compartment as a result of operation of mechanical exhaust ventilation. The value of this stream results from air ventilation balance in the flat.

- air stream „Vsup” blown into compartment as a result of operation of mechanical blow ventilation

The applied algorithm assumes, that the ventilation air is removed from compartments as a result of operation of mechanical ventilation and this air is supply to the building from outside through leaks in construction of building or/and is blown mechanically to compartments. Ventilation air balance includes only streams of air resulting from declaring of streams and blown outside and into compartments on the way of mechanical ventilation. The balance does not include hygienic and infiltration air stream.

The air can be blown into compartment mechanically or can flow into compartment from outside or from other compartments as a result of operation of mechanical ventilation. More information to this you can find in APPENDIX B. APPLIED NORMS AND CALCULATION METHODS

In fields filled with yellow colour and attached icon the program calculates required values on the basis of data. That are: height of compartment in light, cubic capacity of compartment and the value of exchanges multiplication factor at pressure difference between interior and external environment of 50 Pa . The User can also, clicking the icon enforce these values by himself.

! Non-heated compartments are determined by deselecting of field „Heated compartment“

#### 4.5.3.2. Table of partitions in compartments

New created „tabular” compartment does not have initially any cooling partitions. They can be inserted in any sequence by pressing in partitions table the function key F7 or Ins (inserts partition in cursor’s position) or in building structure tree by means of icon „Add partition” or in handy menu by means of keys Ctrl+F7. Inserting of new partition causes simultaneously its displaying in building structure tree and in partitions table in compartment.

The User can here declare using of previously defined partitions or define partitions directly in partitions table in compartment.

If partitions have been already defined, filling in of columns in table is partially performed, because data from „Partitions definitions” are read in adequate columns. Program will automatically complete in partitions table the columns concerning „Uo” coefficient, type of partition and its dimensions, if they have been also defined. If the User wants to change properties of defined partition, he can do this only by its edition in „Partitions definitions”. If the User wants to edit a defined partition on the level of building structure, he can change its name here. However, it will cause disconnection of partition from its definition and the possibility of calculations of seasonal heat demand on the basis of data of this partition will be lost.

If the User wants to define partitions directly in partition table, he should complete their data here. That are principally: partition name, type and orientation towards cardinal points of the compass, value of „Uo” coefficient, dimensions or surface of partitions and indication of environment on the other side of internal partition. Such defined partition can be edited in any way both in compartment view – in compartment table and in partition edition window – „Building structure: Partition”. To switch between these windows use key shortcut Ctrl+G.

! Program can not calculate seasonal energy demand for partitions, which have been defined in building structure because of insufficient amount of required data.

In partitions table following columns are to be completed:

Name – name of partition used in compartment

f the User has defined partition in „Partitions definitions”, he can in column „Name” using the key from a pop-up list of partitions declare using of defined partition. Such partition can be also called by using the keys Ctrl+Enter or entering its name.

It is possible to enter the name of partition in this column.

Here is it also possible to declare using of partitions of type window/door. If the User will enter the name of partitions defined in “Partitions definitions”, then the program will act as for every other partition – it will complete entered data and for window/door not previously defined the User has to complete next columns by himself and he also has to save window/door under entered name.

n – amount

Edition field only in case of declaring of windows/doors. In enables declaring the total amount of windows and doors having the same heat transfer coefficient and dimensions and occurring in a specific partition.

Type – type of partition

The User can select three types of partitions from a pop-up list. They have been described in chapter 4.4.1. If the User has declared using of previously defined partition, then the type will be automatically assigned to partition. If the User defines a partition directly in partitions table, then he has to select an adequate type of partition by himself.

Orien.– the User can select from a pop-up list following cardinal points of the compass, according to which the external vertical partition, not being in contact with the ground, is oriented:

- N – North,

- NE – North-East,

- E – East,

- S – South,

- SE – South-East,

- SW – South-West,

- W – West,

- NW – North-West

Orientation of such partitions as roof, floor on the ground or wall at the ground is not defined.

H – heated partition

Selecting this field at chosen partition will cause its defining as a heated partition (radiant heating), for example wall or floor heating. For a compartment, in which a radiant heating has been selected, total heat losses are reduced by heat losses through this partition – that are reduced heat losses.

Uo – heat transfer coefficient

Value of „Uo” coefficient can be completed in two ways, depending on method of partition defining. For partitions defined previously its value is displayed automatically by the program. For new partitions, which are defined directly in partitions table in „Building structure” the User has to enter here its value by himself.

Uc/equiv – corrected heat transfer coefficient

Value of heat transfer coefficient of partition corrected by the value of normative addition to the “Uo” value and addition because of presence of thermal bridges in partition.

ΔU – addition because of presence of heat leakage bridges in partition

Fields completed with a value selected from two options:

- without taking into consideration of heat leakage bridges 0,1 W/m2K

- with taking into consideration of heat leakage bridges 0,05 W/m2K

A – possible automatic dimensions

Selecting this window will cause automatic assigning of vertical dimensions, which are taken from previously declared “superior” dimensions. A dimension superior to the height of partition and to the height of compartment is the height of storey. Selecting this field enables refreshing of vertical dimensions of partitions in table in case of change of declared superior value.

wx– external width of partition

Value to be completed by the User or called automatically for previously defined partition width. In most cases dimensions are assigned to definition for windows and doors. Field can be calculated by the program on the basis of other dimensions, if the User will apply option „Recalculate partitions dimensions” in „General data”.

hx – internal height (length) of partition

Value to be completed by the User or called automatically for previously defined partition height (length). In most cases dimensions are assigned to definition for windows and doors. Field can be calculated by the program on the basis of other dimensions, if the User will apply option „Recalculate partitions dimensions” in „General data”.

Ax – external surface

Its value is calculated by the program according to completed external values of width and height/length of partition. Field to be completed in case of not declared external horizontal dimensions of partition.

Axdes – external calculation surface

For partition without declared sub-partition the surface Ax = Axobl. If there is a sub-partition assigned to partition, its surface is reduced by the surface of sub-partition.

Ros – compartment on the other side

Adjacent compartment can be declared by the User from compartments appearing in building structure or from normative determined compartment types. These last mentioned are heated or non-heated compartments.

In normative heated compartments the temperature can be declared. To described types belongs among others heated compartment from the same flat or from outside of it, non-heated compartment with one, two or three external walls. Types of normative compartments depend as well on partition type, for which the adjacent environment is specified and on heat loss calculation option. Adjacent compartments are selected from a list, which can be opened by means of button located in this column.

If the compartment will be selected from the building structure, it is enough to specify the adjacent room only once. The program will automatically assign the internal partition to this compartment and this assigning will be visible for both compartments. Declaring of adjacent compartments is advantageous, because after temperature change in compartment this change will be automatically read in compartment table and heat loss in compartment will be calculated. Moreover, if the compartment temperature will be changed, it does not have to be corrected in all adjacent compartments, because this will be done by the program.

θos – temperature on the other side

Field indicating the temperature value on the other side of partition. For external partitions will be displayed the value of outer air temperature. To internal partitions having declared compartment from the building structure has been assigned a declared value. Temperature value can be enforced after selecting the heated compartment type “Heated comp. with temp. change”.

HFD – heat flow direction

Field containing graphical information concerning heat flow direction. For external partitions and for such internal partitions, the location of which in building is specified (for examples internal walls) the direction is displayed automatically and it can not be edited. To internal partitions such as windows/doors has been assigned the direction compliant with declared one in partitions definitions. If to defined partitions any heat flow direction has been declared, then it is possible to use in building structure in specific compartment this defined partition and select appropriate heat flow direction from options: “up, down, horizontally”. For such partitions as internal ceiling the heat flow direction is determined on the basis of temperature differences between adjacent rooms.

HT – heat loss coefficient

A coefficient determining the volume of heat losses through partition. Calculated by the program on the basis of heat transfer coefficient and partition area.

Q/Φ – heat loss through partition

Value calculated by the program automatically according to entered data. If the program will not calculate the heat losses for selected partition, this could be caused by not completed or wrong entered data. Finding an element in error list the User can find out, which data are to be completed.

#### 4.5.3.3. Sub-partitions

Windows and doors in partitions table can be inserted in two ways. The User can enter them as individual partitions (remember to subtract the surface of window/door from the surface of wall (in column „Axdes”)) or declaring using of window/door as a sub-partition. The User does not have then to assign the orientation to windows and external doors in compartment table and to calculate the surface of partitions containing windows or (and) doors. Program will automatically calculate their surface and the result will be displayed in column „Axdes”. Orientation of windows/doors towards cardinal points of the compass is the same as orientation of partition, to which they belong.

Window/door can be declared as a sub-partition in three ways:

- entering a window/door in building structure tree, e.g. selecting the partition, to which the window or door should be inserted and clicking the icon

- entering a window/door as an individual partition in compartment table and then - clicking the right mouse button and selecting command „Partition ® Sub-partition”. The program will assign a window/door to this partition, which will be in line over declared window/door.

- in partitions table using the command available in handy menu „Add sub-partition in cursor’s position”. The User can then enter the name of sub-partition or select it in displayed window from windows and doors defined in „Partitions definitions” this one, which he wants to insert as a sub-partition. Selecting this command will cause assigning of window/door to partition located in partitions table over inserted sub-partition.

! It is impossible to insert a sub-partition to partitions having contact with the ground.

#### 4.5.3.4. Calculations results for compartments

In lower part of partitions table you can see calculations results for a compartment.

- HT – heat loss by penetration coefficient

- ΦT – heat loss by penetration

- HV – heat loss for ventilation coefficient

- ΦV – heat loss for ventilation

- ΦNetto – total heat loss net

- Φzred – total heat loss reduced

- “Vmin” – minimal ventilation air stream

- “Vinf” – infiltration air stream

- “Vsu*fr” – stream of air blown mechanically

- “Vmech,inf” – stream of air flowing as a result of removed air excess

- “V” – stream of ventilation air

- Qred/Φred – total heat loss reduced – total heat loss of a compartment reduced by heat loss through partitions, which have been declared by the User as heated. As a heated partition in program is understood a partition including in its construction the radiant heating, for example floor heating, wall heating.

The User can select the unit of heat loss and ventilation air loss calculations results, switching to selected one by clicking the unit window, for example:

#### 4.5.3.5. Operations available in compartments edition window

Operations available in building structure tree – compartments level:

Selecting a compartment in building structure tree it is possible to open from handy menu (clicking the right mouse button) following commands:

- Add compartment F7 – adds new compartment in flat selected by the User in building structure tree. This compartment will displayed at the end of compartments list in a pop-up building structure tree.

- Add compartment in selected area Ins – adds new compartment next to selected compartment in a flat chosen by the User in building structure tree.

- Delete compartment (compartments) Ctrl+Del – deletes selected compartment (compartments),

- Connect compartments – this command concerns compartments which should create a multi-storey compartments. To connect compartments located on different storeys it is necessary to select them simultaneously pressing the Ctrl key. For such selected compartments this command is active and its selection will cause connecting of selected compartments. In displayed window „Select main compartment” the User can declare the main compartment selecting it in pop-up compartments tree. A condition for opening this command is previous connection of flats.

- Disconnect compartments - causes disconnection of multi-storey compartment into individual compartments. This command is actual for the compartments, which are connected to it.

- Go to main compartment – causes switching to main compartment, which is selected by the User from selected compartments on various storeys. Main compartment is specified in building structure tree designated with icon This command is active for compartments being part of multi-storey compartment, not main compartment

- Select all connected compartments – causes displaying of all connected compartments. This command is active for selected main compartment.

- Add partition Ctr+F7 – adds partition is selected compartment.

- Add partition from adjacent compartment – enables adding of partition from adjacent compartment, which has not been yet assigned to any other compartment. The User can select an adequate internal partition – wall, ceiling, window or internal door from a pop-up tree.

- Find element in tree/error list – clicking this command will cause finding of selected element, for example storey, flat in displayed error list. In this way the User knows which data have not been completed or have been completed incorrectly.

- Find compartment in Instal-therm – causes finding of selected compartment in Instal-therm. To make this command active, both programs must be simultaneously opened on the same project. This command enables fast co-operation and communication between programs.

- Copy (Ctrl+C) – copying of selected compartment within building structure of currently edited project to another project.

- Cut (Ctrl+X) – cutting of selected compartment.

- Paste (Ctrl+V) – pasting of copied or cut compartment to selected area of building structure of the same or another project.

Mouse:

- Clicking the right mouse button – displaying of handy menu,

- Clicking a partition and dragging it into clipboard or to another project – copying of selected partition into clipboard or to another project.

- Clicking a partition and dragging it into clipboard or to another project with pressed Shift – key - moving the selected partitions into clipboard or to another project.

- Clicking partition and dragging it to another building structures – moving or copying the selected partition to another part of building structure (to be selected in displayed window).

Operations available in partitions table of compartment:

Handy menu (opened with right mouse button):

- Add partition F7 – adds new partition at the end of partition table,

- Add partition in cursor’s position Ins – inserts new (next) partition in partitions table in cursor’s position,

- Add sub-partition in cursor’s position – enables inserting of window/door as a nested partition – assigned to external or internal partition located above in partitions table. Exceptions are floors on the ground and walls at the ground, in which windows and doors can not be inserted.

- Delete partition (partitions) Ctrl+Del – causes deleting of selected partition (partitions).

- Sub-partition ® Partition – causes conversion of selected sub-partition to partition not assigned to any partition.

- Select partition (partitions) in tree Ctrl + G – this command causes selection of chosen partition in building structure tree and displaying of edition window of selected partition.

- Go to partition definition – this command is active for partitions defined in „Partitions definitions”. Selecting of chosen partition and selecting this command will cause switching to edition fields of selected partition in ”Partitions definitions”.

- Find partition (window/door) in Instal-therm – causes finding of selected partition in Instal-therm. To make this command active, both programs must be simultaneously opened on the same project. This command enables fast co-operation and communication between programs.

Keyboard:

- Ins – inserts partition in cursor’s position in partitions table,

- Tab – switching between fields in general data of compartment,

- Shift+Tab – switching back between fields in general data of compartment,

- Shift+<arrows> selecting of partitions in partitions table in compartment,

- Ctrl+<arrows> - selecting chosen partitions in partitions table of compartment,

- Ctrl+Enter – in columns of partitions table, which have a selection pop-up list of defined partitions, orientation, will cause opening of this list,

- Ctrl+Del – deletes selected partition (partitions) from partitions table in compartment,

- Ctrl+space – calling in field containing numerical data the declared expressions variables and functions, by means of which the User can describe edited data.

Mouse:

- Clicking the right mouse button – displaying of handy menu in partitions table,

- Clicking a column with an ordinal number and dragging it into clipboard or to another project – copying of selected partition into clipboard or to another project.

- Clicking a column with an ordinal number + Shift and dragging it into clipboard or to another project – moving the selected partition into clipboard or to another project.

- Clicking a column with an ordinal number and dragging it to another area of table – moving the selected partition to another part of partition definitions tree.

- Clicking a column with an ordinal number +Ctrl and dragging it within table area or into clipboard – copying the partitions to another part of partition definitions tree.

Copying partitions into the clipboard the User can create a database of partitions. He can then take advantage of these partitions within the same project or many other projects.